Minor salivary gland biopsy
It is the removal of a small sample of the salivary glands on the inner side of the lower lip, to study them under the microscope. It is one of the most useful tests to confirm the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome and also helps in the study of other diseases, such as amyloidosis or sarcoidosis.
Who it is for
- Patients with dry eyes and mouth being studied for Sjögren's syndrome
- Patients with negative anti-Ro/SSA antibodies in whom Sjögren's is suspected
- Selected cases being studied for amyloidosis or sarcoidosis
How it is done
- Local anaesthetic is applied to the lower lip
- A small incision, about 1 cm, is made on the inner side of the lip
- Several tiny salivary glands are removed and the incision is closed with stitches that fall out on their own
- It takes 20 to 30 minutes and you go home straight afterwards
Preparation
- You may have a light breakfast
- Tell us if you take anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, such as warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, clopidogrel or aspirin
- Tell us if you are allergic to local anaesthetics
After the procedure
- For 48 hours avoid very hot, spicy or hard food
- Mild swelling or numbness of the lip for a few days is normal
- The stitches fall out on their own in 1 to 2 weeks
- The pathology result is reviewed at your follow-up visit
Possible risks
- Mild bleeding or bruising of the lip
- Temporary swelling
- Infection, which is uncommon
- Altered sensation in the lip, usually temporary
Frequently asked questions
Does a salivary gland biopsy hurt?
It is done under local anaesthetic, so the procedure itself is not painful. Afterwards there may be mild discomfort that is controlled with common painkillers.
How long does the result take?
The pathology study takes a few days. The result is reviewed at the follow-up visit, together with your other tests.
Does it leave a scar?
The incision is made inside the lip, so there is no visible scar.
General information reviewed by Dr. Paul Alejandro Méndez Patarroyo, internist and rheumatologist, Colombian Medical Licence 79554568. It does not replace a medical consultation.