Platelet-rich plasma and exosomes
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is obtained from the patient's own blood: it is centrifuged to concentrate the platelets, which contain growth factors, and injected into the affected joint or tendon. Exosomes are small vesicles involved in communication between cells; their use in regenerative medicine is more recent.
Who it may be for
- Mild to moderate osteoarthritis, especially of the knee
- Some chronic tendon injuries
- The indication is decided in consultation, case by case
What the evidence says
- PRP has studies showing improvement in pain and function in knee osteoarthritis, with results that vary between patients
- Exosomes are an emerging therapy: clinical evidence is still limited and they are used selectively, with products that hold health registration
- Neither therapy replaces the core treatment of inflammatory diseases
Preparation
- Do not take anti-inflammatory drugs for 7 days beforehand, unless your doctor says otherwise
- Drink plenty of water and have a light breakfast; do not come fasting
- Tell us if you take anticoagulants or have a fever or infection
After the procedure
- Pain or a feeling of pressure for 2 or 3 days is normal
- Avoid anti-inflammatory drugs for the days your doctor indicates; you may use paracetamol (acetaminophen)
- Return to physical activity gradually
Frequently asked questions
Does platelet-rich plasma cure osteoarthritis?
It does not cure it, but in some patients it reduces pain and improves function for months. That is why it is offered after an assessment and with realistic expectations.
How many sessions are needed?
It depends on the case. A course of one to three injections is common and is decided in consultation.
Are exosomes safe?
They are used with products that hold health registration and after explaining the available evidence and its limits to the patient.
General information reviewed by Dr. Paul Alejandro Méndez Patarroyo, internist and rheumatologist, Colombian Medical Licence 79554568. It does not replace a medical consultation.